Founded in London in 1882, the Society for Psychical Research (SPR) was established to scientifically examine claims of psychic phenomena, mediumship, and spiritual experiences. Composed of scholars, scientists, philosophers, and theologians, the Society sought to investigate Spiritualist claims through careful observation, documentation, and critical inquiry.

The SPR played a pivotal role in shaping how paranormal phenomena were studied, applying emerging scientific methods to questions traditionally left to belief or faith. Its work highlighted both compelling cases and instances of deception, contributing to a more nuanced understanding of Spiritualism and its place at the intersection of science, psychology, and the unknown.